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10/9/24 King/USA Mirrors Iran

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      Taken 10/2023 @ 62 before lump discoveries.    Boycottbelfast.blogspot.com   Laurie Allen   Police immunity United  States Qualified Immunity is a judicially created doctrine in the United States that shields government officials, including police officers, from being held personally liable for constitutional violations, such as excessive force, under federal law, as long as they did not violate “clearly established” law. Key Principles: Clearly Established Law : The doctrine requires that the law be clearly established at the time of the alleged violation, making it difficult for plaintiffs to overcome qualified immunity. Reasonable Officer : The Supreme Court has emphasized that the doctrine is intended to protect “all but the plainly incompetent or those who knowingly violate the law.” A reasonable officer standard is applied, making it challenging for plaintiffs to demonstrate that the officer’s conduct was unreasonable. Two-Part Test : Courts apply a two-part test to determi